Common names
Bluntnose Stingray.
Binomial
Hypanus say.
Synonyms
Dasyatis say, Dasyatis sayi, Raja say.
Identification
A medium-sized stingray with a kite-shaped disc that is slightly wider than long; disc width approximately 1.1 x length. Snout short and bluntly rounded with a protruding tip. Anterior margins of disc straight or weakly concave. Pectoral fin apices broadly rounded. Pelvic fins large with rounded apices.
Eyes medium-sized and protruding. Snout length 1.4-1.9 x combined eye and spiracle length.
Mouth with 5 oral papillae. Shallow labial furrows around mouth. Lower jaw weakly arched. Skirt shaped nasal curtain with a fringed margin. Nostrils oval-shaped, positioned slightly obliquely.
A row of very small thorns extend along midline from nape to caudal tail. Short row of small thorns on each shoulder. Tail tapering to end of ventral fold, then filamentous to tip. Tail length (when intact) approximately 1.3-1.7 x disc width. Ventral finfold short; deeper than tail height beyond caudal sting. Dorsal finfold short but prominent; slightly thinner than tail height beyond sting. 1-2 slender tail stings usually present.
Colour
Dorsum variable; grey, reddish-brown, or olive grey. Young animals generally paler, sometimes with bluish markings. Ventrum white, sometimes with a dark disc margin. Sides of tail white. Caudal finfolds and tail beyond caudal sting often dusky or black.
Size
Maximum disc width at least 78cm. Disc width at birth 15-17cm.
Conservation Status
NEAR THREATENED
Within the US, the bluntnose stingray has some refuge from fishing in inshore waters that are not trawled, but in the southern Gulf of Mexico declinedof 31% have occurred in the last 32 years. Although no historical data exists in northern South America, significant declines have occurred in other stingray species in this region.
Habitat
Tropical to warm-temperate seas. On sandy or muddy substrates, in estuaries and close inshore. Intertidal to 130m.
Distribution
Western Atlantic. Found from Connecticut to Pernambuco, Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Islands. Apparently absent from the Caribbean coastline of Central America.
Reproduction
Matrotrophic aplacental viviparity. 2-3 pups per litter. Gestation approximately 10-11 months.
Diet
Diet consists mainly of marine worms, bivalves, crustaceans, and small fishes.
Behavior
Sedentary, poorly known.
Reaction to divers
Somewhat tolerant of divers if not approached too closely.
Diving logistics
Encounters with bluntnose stingrays are rarely reported because of their similarity to southern stingrays.
No areas have been identified where this species is common but I encountered a bluntnose stingray near the rock jetty at St. Andrews State Recreation Area at Panama City, Florida.
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Similar species
Southern Stingray Distinguished by barely visible dorsal finfold.
Atlantic Stingray Distinguished by much longer, angular snout.