Cryptic Horn Shark: Heterodontus sp. X

Family: Heterodontidae

Common names

Cryptic Horn Shark.

Binomial

Heterodontus sp. X.

Synonyms

None.

Identification

In his book The Sharks of North America Dr Jose Castro writes: This horn shark, which I call the cryptic horn shark, inhabits the Gulf of California where I have examined several specimens. It lacks the markings of other species in the region. Morphologically, it is very similar to the horn shark (H. francisci). However, genetic analysis by Gavin Naylor suggests that it may be a separate species.

As far as I know, there was never any follow up research so we may never know if this really is a separate species or just a regional variant of its California cousin Heterodontus francisci.

Cryptic Horn Shark, Heterodontus sp. X. Based on genetic analysis, possibly an undescribed species of horn shark from the Gulf Of California. Coronado Island, Loreto, Sea of Cortez, Eastern Pacific.

Conservation Status

NOT ASSESSED

The Cryptic hornshark may not be a valid species. Other species of heterodontid sharks in the area have a low commercial value. They are taken as bycatch in trawl, longline, and especially in gillnet fisheries, but are usually discarded and have a high post-release survival rate.

Habitat

Tropical seas. Present on rocky terrain, coral reefs and sand.

Distribution

The Cryptic horn shark is found in the eastern Pacific in the Sea of Cortez.

Reproduction

Oviparous.

Diet

Probably consumes crustaceans (crabs) and bottom dwelling fishes.

Behavior

Poorly known.

Reaction to divers

Easy to approach. Most heterodontids remain motionless unless molested, at which point they usually retreat deeper into crevices or caves where possible.

Diving logistics

I have seen this species (if it is a valid species) at Coronado Island near Loreto.